Dangane da sakamakon watanni 10 na shekarar 2022, samar da zakka a kasarmu ya karu da kashi 16% a duk shekara.
Kyakkyawan taki. Gabaɗaya, masana'antar naman kaza tana nuna haɓaka mai ban sha'awa na shekaru da yawa a jere, sau da yawa gaba da matsakaicin duniya. Champignons sun mamaye kasuwa, masu kera su suna saita kari mai sauri. Kursk Mushroom Rainbow, wanda ke tsiro kowane naman kaza na biyar a kasar, ya kuma kara yawan samar da namomin kaza a kasuwa a cikin watannin da suka gabata.
An gina kamfanin Alexander Udodov da Oleg Logvinov "daga karce" kusa da Kursk.
Lissafin nasara
Daga watan Janairu zuwa Oktoba, gonakin noma sun girma fiye da tan dubu 110 na zakarun. Matsakaicin abin da ake samu a kowane wata ya wuce tan dubu 11, wanda ya kai tan dubu 1.5 fiye da shekara guda da ta gabata. Don haka an ƙididdige shi a cikin littafin "School of Mushroom Growing", wanda ke sa ido sosai kan abin da ke faruwa a kasuwar naman kaza. A ƙarshen shekara, masana'antar tana jiran sabbin bayanai, kuma masu shakka waɗanda suka ce yuwuwar haɓakar haɓakar ta ya ƙare yakamata a sake horar da su cikin kyakkyawan fata. Champignons sun mamaye kasuwa, suna lissafin fiye da 90%. Su Alexander Udodov da Oleg Logvinov's Mushroom Rainbow da sauran manyan gine-ginen greenhouse ne ke noma su. Kawa namomin kaza suna a wuri na biyu, amma ana girbe su da yawa, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa ba shi da kwanciyar hankali. An kai kololuwar a shekarar 2019, lokacin da gonakin noma ya karu fiye da ton 6,300, sai kuma raguwar shekaru biyu. A karshen wannan shekara, ana sa ran kusan tan 6,500. Namomin kaza masu ban mamaki suna nan a kasuwa a cikin tsari mai kyau. Waɗannan su ne shiitake, eringi, flammulin, folitota, kwanan nan an girbe girbin farko na enoki na zinariya. Duk da haka, exotics samfuri ne mai kyau, kodayake samarwa yana girma cikin sauri. A cewar hasashen SHG, ton 600 na namomin kaza masu ban sha'awa za a girbe a wannan shekara.
Tun bayan kaddamar da wannan kamfani, ya kara samar da gwanaye a kasuwa har sau takwas
Akwai dalilai da yawa don saurin cin kasuwa ta hanyar champignon: farashi mai kyau, kayan abinci mai gina jiki da fa'idodin dafa abinci. Masana za su ƙara fa'idodin kiwon lafiya a nan, amma kaɗan masu amfani sun san wannan tukuna. Farashin, kamar yadda aka saba, shine abu mafi mahimmanci. Yin la'akari da shagunan Moscow, farashin sabbin zakara a cikin 2020 da 2021 sun ragu daga 310 zuwa 250 rubles / kg. Wannan yana da mahimmanci. A bana, farashin gwanaye a manyan kantunan babban birnin kasar ya karu da kusan kashi 12%, wanda bai kai na nama da hatsi ba. Dalilin irin wannan manufar farashin abokantaka ga abokan ciniki shine babban gasa a kasuwar naman kaza. Kwanan nan, adadin gonakin naman kaza ya ragu fiye da rabi. Kananan kamfanoni ba za su iya jure gasar ba su bar kasuwa. Amma manyan 'yan wasa, irin su kamfanin Alexander Udodov da Oleg Logvinov, suna ƙara yawan samar da kayayyaki.
Champignon yana da kyau don dafa abinci iri-iri a gida da kuma a cikin sashin abinci. Ana iya dafa su, a soyayye, a gasa, ko a datse su, a gasasu ko a ci danye, misali a cikin salati. Zai bambanta da dandano, amma a lokaci guda abinci mai lafiya. Daga ra'ayi na amfani ga jiki, ana daukar champignon daya daga cikin mafi kyawun namomin kaza. Yana da samfurin abinci wanda ya haɗa da sunadaran, dukkanin amino acid masu mahimmanci, fiber (chitin), acid fatty acids, abubuwan gano abubuwa, bitamin B, C, D, nicotinic da folic acid, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron.
Don haka sabobin champignon shine abinci mafi koshin lafiya. Abin takaici, an san kadan game da wannan a cikin ƙasarmu, kuma a wasu ƙasashe shawarwarin don rayuwa mai kyau sun hada da 100 g na namomin kaza da aka noma a cikin abincin yau da kullum.
Champignons da la rus
Duniyar naman kaza tana da bambanci kuma tana da yawa. Akwai alamun shuka da duniyar dabba a cikin namomin kaza, amma wannan wata masarauta ce ta daban. Masana kimiyya ba su san ainihin adadin nau'in nau'in su ba, bisa ga maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban - daga dubu ɗari zuwa miliyan daya da rabi, da dama daga cikinsu suna cin abinci. Amma akwai namomin kaza guda ashirin da aka noma (wadanda suka koyi girma ta hanyar wucin gadi) ya zuwa yanzu.
Dangane da girman samar da duniya, zakaran leaf biyu ya fita daga gasar, wanda ba kasafai ake yin shi ba a cikin daji, amma yana girma a cikin manyan kungiyoyi. Wannan naman kaza ne ya lashe gasar noma, an fi sayar da shi a duk faɗin duniya kuma yana kawo kuɗi mai kyau ga gonakin noma.
Mai samar da No. 1 na champignon a kasarmu shine kamfanin Kursk "Namomin kaza Rainbow".
An yi imanin cewa an fara noman gwanaye a Faransa, duk da cewa Italiyanci sun saba da hakan kuma sun tabbatar da cewa dabino a wannan yanayin na kasarsu ne.
Duk da haka dai, da namo na champignon da aka rubuce a tsakiyar XVII karni a quaries kusa Paris. Daga Faransa, sabon samfurin ya bazu ko'ina cikin Turai, a cikin Rasha ya fara girma daga tsakiyar karni na XVIII. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa kalmar "champignons", wanda ya samo asali a cikin harshenmu, an aro shi daga Faransanci, inda kawai yana nufin "naman kaza".
A cikin XIX da farkon karni na XX, agrarians na Rasha sun sami babban nasara a gasar cin kofin duniya. Abubuwan da suka kirkira da kuma abubuwan da suka kirkira an ba su lambar yabo a nune-nunen kasa da kasa. Daya daga cikin majagaba wajen noman naman kaza, Yefim Grachev, dan kasar manoma, ya jaddada cewa, babban abin da ake noman gwangwani shi ne shirya kasa mai kyau. Wannan har yanzu yana da dacewa a yau. Tare da ƙaddamar da nasu takin ne Hoopoes da Logvins suka fara aikin naman kaza. A jajibirin yakin duniya na farko, daruruwan namomin kaza sun yi aiki a Rasha, an kawo namomin kaza zuwa kasuwa sabo, pickled kuma har ma sun fara gwangwani.
Takin mai inganci ya zama dole don girma masu daɗi da lafiyayyen champignons
A cikin Rasha na zamani, kasuwar naman kaza tana rayuwa a kan shigo da kayayyaki na dogon lokaci, tara daga cikin goma na zakarun ana shigo da su daga kasashen waje, galibi daga Poland.
Halin ya fara canzawa bayan 2014, lokacin da aka rufe hanyar zuwa Rasha don kayayyakin naman kaza daga kasashe da dama. An fara maye gurbin shigo da naman kaza, saka hannun jari ya shiga masana'antar, an gina manyan gine-ginen greenhouse don masu girma masu girma.
A cikin watan Yuni 2017, an sanya batches na farko na samfurori a kasuwa ta hanyar "Naman kaza Rainbow" na Alexander Udodov da Oleg Logvinov. A farkon wannan shekarar, kamfanin ya kara karfin samar da kayayyakinsa har sau takwas tare da samar da guraben ayyukan yi dari goma sha biyar. Adadin zuba jari ya wuce biliyan 10 rubles. Kasuwar naman kaza tana daidai da jagora. A cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata, gonakin naman kaza suna haɓaka yawan amfanin gona da 18-20% kowace shekara. Kasuwar naman kaza mai kaso sama da 90% tana mamaye kayayyakin cikin gida, an fara jigilar kayayyaki zuwa kasashe makwabta. A wannan shekara za a sake samun karuwa mai yawa a cikin tarin zakarun kuma. A cikin hangen nesa na shekaru da yawa, kasuwar naman kaza tabbas tana da wurin girma. Wannan kasuwa ce mai fa'ida mai lafiya akan haɓaka.
Tushe: https://www.agroinvestor.ru
