#GreenhouseNoma #Kayayyakin Kayayyakin #Fungal Cututtuka #Cutar Cutar #Protection #IntegratedPestManagement #AgriculturalTechnology #HumidityControl
Yayin da yanayin zafi ke canzawa da zafi yana tashi a cikin bazara, masu shuka kayan lambu na greenhouse suna fuskantar haɗarin cututtukan fungal kamar mildew powdery da mildew downy. Wannan labarin yana ba da haske game da ganowa da hana cututtukan fungal na yau da kullun irin su powdery mildew a cikin barkono, strawberries, kabewa, tumatir, da mildew mai ƙasa a cikin cucumbers, letas, da kabeji. An tattauna dabarun da suka dace don kula da muhallin greenhouse da aiwatar da matakan kariya don rage tasirin waɗannan cututtuka kan amfanin amfanin gona da inganci.
Cututtukan fungal suna haifar da babbar barazana ga samar da kayan lambu na greenhouse, musamman a lokacin canjin yanayin zafi da matsanancin zafi. Daga cikin abubuwan da ke damun su na farko sun haɗa da mildew na foda da ƙanƙara, waɗanda ke lalata amfanin gona idan ba a kula da su ba.
Powdery Mildew: Wannan cutar fungal tana shafar nau'ikan kayan lambu, gami da barkono, strawberries, kabewa, da tumatir. Halin da ci gaban farin, powdery spots a kan ganye, mai tushe, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da furanni, powdery mildew bunƙasa a cikin dumi, m yanayi tare da matalauta iska wurare dabam dabam. Ganowa da wuri yana da mahimmanci don hana yaɗuwar sa, kamar yadda ƙwayoyin da suka kamu da cutar a ƙarshe suka lalace, suna haifar da asara.
Downy Mildew: Cucumbers, letas, da kabeji suna da saukin kamuwa da mildew, suna bayyana a matsayin tabo mai launin rawaya marasa daidaituwa akan saman ganye. Yayin da cutar ke ci gaba, wani nau'i mai banƙyama, farar fata yana samuwa a ƙarƙashin ganyen, ya zama launin ruwan kasa kuma yana haifar da mutuwar nama. Ba kamar powdery mildew ba, mildew downy yana bunƙasa a cikin sanyi, yanayin jika, yana sa barkewar lokacin bazara ya zama ruwan dare a cikin yanayin greenhouse.
Hana cututtukan fungal yana buƙatar ayyukan kulawa da hankali:
Kula da ɗanshi: Tsayawa mafi kyawun matakan zafi a cikin greenhouses yana da mahimmanci don rage girman ci gaban fungal. Tsarin iska da magoya baya na iya taimakawa wajen inganta yanayin iska, rage yawan danshi da hadarin cututtuka.
Kulawa na yau da kullun: Gudanar da bincike na yau da kullun yana ba da damar gano cututtukan fungal da wuri. Sau da yawa cire ƙwayoyin shuka masu kamuwa da cuta da amfani da fungicides na iya taimakawa hana yaduwar cututtuka a cikin greenhouse.
Haɗin Gwargwadon Gudanar da Kwari (IPM): Aiwatar da dabarun IPM, kamar yin amfani da magungunan fungicides da sarrafa ilimin halitta, yana ba da cikakkiyar tsarin kula da cututtuka yayin da rage tasirin muhalli.
Hee-Kyung Lee, wani mai bincike a Cibiyar Fasahar Aikin Noma, ya jaddada mahimmancin sa ido a hankali da matakan kariya a lokutan yanayi mai mahimmanci na yanayin zafi. Ta shawarci masu noman greenhouse da su ba da fifikon kula da zafi da kuma shawo kan cututtuka ta hanyar amfani da magungunan kashe qwari da aka yi rajista don kare amfanin gonakin su daga cututtukan fungal.
Ayyukan gudanarwa masu fa'ida da matakan da suka dace suna da mahimmanci don rage tasirin cututtukan fungal akan samar da kayan lambu na greenhouse. Ta hanyar ɗaukar cikakkiyar hanya don rigakafin cututtuka da sarrafa su, manoma za su iya kiyaye amfanin gonakinsu da haɓaka amfanin gona ko da a yanayin ƙalubale na muhalli.