Har ya zuwa yanzu, ba a san yadda tsire-tsire ke kare kansu daga kwari masu cin tsire-tsire ba da kuma yadda gasar makamai tsakanin kwari da tsire-tsire ta faru. Masu bincike daga Jami'ar Wageningen & Bincike sun sami ƙarin haske game da wannan: necrosis mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi - tsarin da tsire-tsire ke ganowa da kashe ƙwai na malam buɗe ido da sauran kwari a cikin ganyen su - sun fito ne kawai a cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da danginsu na daji waɗanda suka kai hari. farin kabeji wanda ya inganta rigakafi ga tsire-tsire masu guba mai mustard. An buga wani littafi akan wannan batu a cikin mujallar New Phytologist.
Kabeji farin malam buɗe ido yana da sunansa ga fifikon tsiro na Brussels, zuriyar rapes da sauran ciyayi da aka noma a matsayin tsire-tsire. Duk da haka, lokacin da farin kabeji (Pieridae) ya sanya ƙwai a kan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire irin su black mustard ( Brassica nigra ), tsire-tsire na iya fara wani nau'i na necrotic wanda ke sa ganyen da ke ƙarƙashin kwan ya mutu a cikin tsari mai sarrafawa. Wannan yana sa kwai ya bushe kuma ya faɗi daga shuka.
Leaf necrosis
Don fahimtar asalin juyin halitta da rarraba wannan sifa ta kariyar shuka, ƙungiyar bincike karkashin jagorancin ƙungiyar Biosystematics ta bincika nau'ikan tsire-tsire 31 a cikin dangin crucifer don amsawar necrotic ga wankewar da aka yi daga ƙwai na nau'in malam buɗe ido tara.
"Gwaje-gwajen sun nuna cewa necrosis mai karfi mai karfi ya samo asali ne kawai a cikin zuriyar amfanin kabeji da kuma danginsu na daji ta hanyar dabi'a da launin kabeji farar malam buɗe ido," in ji shugabar bincike Nina Fatouros. "Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan nau'ikan malam buɗe ido ne kawai ke haifar da necrosis na ganye a cikin dangin Pieridae waɗanda ƙwararrun ƙwararru ne kuma suna iya ciyar da su duk da man mustard mai guba na crucifers."
Wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa dabi'ar kashe kwai ta samo asali ne a cikin dangin crucifer a matsayin rashin daidaituwa ga ikon caterpillars don lalata man mustard. Kasancewa wani ɓangare na tseren makamai masu gudana, wasu malam buɗe ido suna iya dacewa da kashe-kwai ta hanyar tara ƙwai a cikin ƙungiyoyi (don haka necrosis ba ya shafa), ta hanyar canzawa zuwa wasu tsire-tsire masu masaukin baki, ko ta hanyar ajiye ƙwai akan furanni maimakon ganye.
Kungiyar a halin yanzu tana binciken tushen kwayoyin halittar da ake kashe kwai a cikin wani babban aikin bincike da Hukumar Bincike ta Netherland (NWO) ta dauki nauyin samar da amfanin gona a karshe da ke jure wa kwari kwari.
Don ƙarin bayani:
Jami'ar Wageningen & Bincike
www.wur.nl