Gona a tsaye tare da yanki na 50 sq. m. m yana ba ku damar samun kilogiram 300 na greenery kowane wata.
An gudanar da sabbin fasahohin noma na birane a babban birnin kasar tsawon shekaru 5 da suka gabata, inda ake noman ganyaye da ganyaye a gonaki a tsaye. Suna cikin ɗakunan ajiya, kuma Muscovites sau da yawa ba sa gane cewa madawwamin Yuni da rana suna cikin akwati na kankare. Tare da taimakon fasahar kere-kere, ana iya noman exotics a cikin birni, alal misali, furanni masu cin abinci ko ciyawa.
Tattalin arzikin tsaye
Kamfanoni a Rasha da na duniya suna amfani da fasahar kere kere don samar da kayan lambu da ganyaye a cikin birane. Misali, iFarm na shuka strawberries a gonaki a tsaye kuma yana samar da fasahohi don shuka sabbin ganye, berries da furanni masu ci a gida duk shekara. Kamfanin Fibonacci na Italiya yana sayar da kayan aiki a Rasha don gonar noma na gida wanda zai iya dacewa a cikin wani gida na yau da kullum. CityCrop kuma tana ba da fasahar kere kere na ganya da kayan lambu duk shekara tare da manufar bangon tsaye. Masana'antun sun yi alkawarin cewa tsarin na zamani zai adana sarari don shuka, sauƙaƙe kula da tsire-tsire, da kuma rage haɗarin da ke tattare da yanayin ɗan adam.
Ana amfani da fasaha don girma salads, berries da kayan lambu a Rasha a kan masana'antu a tsaye gonaki. Tare da taimakon tsarin firikwensin, haske na musamman, kula da yanayi ta amfani da hankali na wucin gadi, an halicci yanayi mai sarrafawa tare da yanayin girma mai kyau don amfanin gona daban-daban don tsire-tsire.
A cewar Alexander Lyskovsky, wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na iFarm, har zuwa 90% na ganye da kayan lambu a Moscow ba na gida ba ne. Wannan yana nufin cewa samfuran za a iya tattara su ba tare da nuna ba, ana jigilar su na kwanaki da yawa, an ƙi har zuwa 30% kuma ana sayar da su a cikin kwanaki 2-3, saboda ba shi yiwuwa a adana shi tsawon lokaci, masu amsa sun ce Vedomosti. Birnin" masana.
"Noma a tsaye yana ba da damar samar da samfurori masu lafiya a gida," in ji Lyskovsky. "An girbe su ne lokacin da suka ƙunshi mafi yawan abubuwan gina jiki, kuma ana jigilar su zuwa adana ɗakunan ajiya a rana guda." A cewarsa, kusan gonaki 10 na tsaye suna aiki a babban birnin kasar a yau. Mallakar su ne na 'yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu da kuma rukunin gonaki masu fafutukar samarwa duk shekara.
Alal misali, wata gona da ke amfani da fasahar iFarm a birnin Moscow tana ba da kusan tan 6.3 na sabobin salads ga gidajen abinci da sayar da kayayyaki a kowane wata, ciki har da Azbuka Vkusa, Vkusville, X5 dillali da Yandex.Shop, in ji wakilin kungiyar. Kamfanin Farms na tsaye yana girma kimanin kilogiram 250-300 na greenery (Basil, harbe na shuke-shuke da kayan lambu) kowace wata a cikin ɗaki na 50 sq m.
A cewar Alexey Aminov, darektan kamfanin Vertical Farms, fasahar noma abu ne mai sauki. A lokaci guda, juyawa yana da sauri (1-2 makonni), zuba jari na farko kadan ne, kuma gefen yana da girma. Irin waɗannan gonaki suna ɗaukar sarari kaɗan: yana iya zama ɗakuna biyu a cikin ginshiƙi, gareji ko kawai taragu biyu a cikin ɗakin. “Idan gonakin ya kai murabba’in 50. m shuka cucumbers kawai, zai ba da kilogiram 500-600 na cucumbers a wata, ”Aminov yayi lissafin.
Fasahar noma ta gari tana ba ka damar shuka amfanin gona masu ban sha'awa, waɗanda ake buƙata kaɗan daga gidajen abinci, alal misali, ganyayen kamshi na yaji, nau'in basil tare da ɗanɗanon lemo ko ɗanɗano, zobo, shiso, ganyen mustard, ciyawa. “Akwai kayayyakin da ke da wahalar kawowa daga nesa, misali, furannin da ake ci. Da sauri sun daina zama sabo, kuma ba shi da ma'ana ɗaukar su fiye da kwana ɗaya. Zaɓin kawai don bayyanar irin waɗannan samfuran a kasuwa shine samar da ultralocalized na gida, "in ji Aminov.
Ba za ku iya yin ba tare da greenhouses ba
Babu wani cikas na doka don haɓaka sabbin samfuran a cikin birni: akwai dakunan gwaje-gwaje a Moscow waɗanda ke ba da takaddun shaida. Don yin wannan, ana gwada samfuran don nitrates da sauran abubuwa masu cutarwa.
A kallo na farko, noman birni yana da kyau sosai. Ba kamar greenhouses translucent ba, wanda, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana amfani da watanni 6 kawai a shekara, ana iya amfani da fasahar noma a tsaye a ko'ina duk shekara. Ko a Moscow, har ma a Norilsk. Amma ba duk ƙwararru ne ke tantance wannan haƙiƙa ba. A cewar Sergei Korshunov, shugaban kwamitin kungiyar noma na Organic, memba na majalisar jama'a na ma'aikatar noma ta Tarayyar Rasha, aikin noma na birni ba shi yiwuwa a sami ci gaba na musamman a Rasha, tun da agrotechnology na irin wannan samarwa yana da kyau sosai. tsada saboda wutar lantarki da kayan aikin fasaha.
“A cikin biranen miliyoyin, musamman a Moscow da St. Petersburg, gidaje masu tsada. Ba shi da amfani a fannin kuɗi don amfani da shi don gonar birni,” in ji Korshunov. A cewarsa, hatta kayayyakin da ake nomawa a filayen noma suna da wahala a sayar da su ta yadda za a tabbatar da ci gaban kasuwancin. Ko da yake yana da arha don amfani da ƙasa fiye da gonakin birni. Wani abin da ya banbanta shi ne yankunan arewa, inda saboda yanayin yanayi, yana da wahala a shiga aikin noma na gargajiya, in ji masanin.
Ƙwararrun hanyoyin fasahar fasaha ga mutane da gidaje masu tallafawa salon rayuwa mai kyau za a iya haɓaka su a Moscow, in ji Korshunov. Yawancin 'yan ƙasa suna shuka kayan lambu a cikin gidajen rani, kuma a cikin hunturu suna ƙaura zuwa gidaje kuma suna shuka sabbin ganye da salads a ƙarƙashin hasken wucin gadi. A lokaci guda, suna amfani da manyan hanyoyin fasaha da hanyoyin samarwa - hydroponics da LEDs. Don haka, akwai ko da yaushe sabo ne faski, latas ganye da albasa a kan tebur.
Amfani da gonakin birni na iya zama alkibla mai ban sha'awa a manyan biranen, inda ake buƙatar sabbin kayayyaki masu inganci, in ji Aminov daga kamfanin Vertical Farms. Alal misali, a Moscow, a cikin ƙasashe da biranen da ke da ƙarancin wutar lantarki (Norway), ko kuma a cikin yanayin Arewa da Gabas mai Nisa, lokacin da ba zai yiwu a shuka kayan lambu da ganye ta wata hanya ba.
"Aikace-aikacen kasuwanci na fasahar noma na birane yana da ban sha'awa, tun da akwai kasuwar tallace-tallace a cikin birni," in ji Aminov. Har ila yau, noman birni ba zai iya maye gurbin manyan ayyukan noma nan gaba ba. Yawancin amfanin gona, ciki har da hatsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, tushen amfanin gona, suna buƙatar manyan wurare, amfani da ƙasa da makamashin hasken rana. A lokaci guda kuma, gonakin birane suna da ikon haɓaka kasuwar kayayyakin amfanin gona, in ji masanin.
Tushe: https://www.vedomosti.ru