Yanayin zafi yana nuna alamar tsire-tsire cewa bazara na zuwa. Suna tsammanin ƙarancin ruwa, suna fure da wuri sannan ba su da kuzari don samar da ƙarin iri, don haka amfanin amfanin gona ya ragu.
"Muna buƙatar shuke-shuken da za su iya jure yanayin zafi, suna da lokaci mai tsawo don fure da kuma tsawon lokacin girma," in ji UCR botany da masanin kimiyyar shuka Meng Chen. "Amma, don samun damar canza martanin yanayin zafin tsire-tsire, dole ne ku fara fahimtar yadda suke aiki. Don haka, shi ya sa gano wannan kwayar halittar da ke ba da damar mayar da martani ga zafi yana da matukar muhimmanci.”
Yongjian Qiu, marubucin farko na takarda kuma tsohon mataimakin masanin aikin UCR, yanzu a Jami'ar Mississippi.
An buga aikin da Chen da abokan aikinsa suka yi don gano kwayar cutar zazzabin cizon sauro a wannan makon a cikin mujallar Nature Communications. Ita ce kwayar halitta ta biyu da suka gano tana da hannu wajen gano zafin jiki. Sun gano kwayar halittar farko, mai suna HEMERA, shekaru biyu da suka wuce. Sannan sun yi gwaji don ganin ko za su iya gano wasu kwayoyin halittar da ke da hannu wajen sarrafa yanayin zafin jiki.
Ƙananan tsire-tsire masu mahimmanci
A al'ada, tsire-tsire suna mayar da martani ga sauye-sauye na ko da ƴan digiri a cikin yanayi. Don wannan gwaji, ƙungiyar ta fara ne da shukar Arabidopsis na mutant gaba ɗaya ba ta damu da zafin jiki ba, kuma sun canza shi don sake zama mai aiki.
Binciken kwayoyin halittar wannan shuka da aka canza sau biyu ya bayyana sabon kwayar halitta, RCB, wanda samfuransa ke aiki tare da HEMERA don daidaita aikin jin zafi. "Idan kuka fitar da ko wanne kwayar halitta, shukar ku ba ta kula da zafin jiki," in ji Chen.
Dukansu HEMERA da RCB ana buƙatar su daidaita yawan gungun manyan masu kula da kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke ba da ayyuka da yawa, suna mai da martani ga zafin jiki da haske, da juyar da tsire-tsire kore. Ana rarraba waɗannan sunadaran zuwa sassa daban-daban na sel shuka, tsakiya da kuma gabobin da ake kira chloroplasts.
Da yake ci gaba, Chen ya ce dakin gwaje-gwajensa zai mayar da hankali kan fahimtar yadda wadannan sassan biyu na tantanin halitta suke sadarwa tare da yin aiki tare don samun ci gaba, kore, furanni, da sauran ayyuka. "Lokacin da kuka canza haske ko zafin jiki, kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsakiya da kuma chloroplasts suna canza yanayin su. Muna tsammanin HEMERA da RCB suna da hannu wajen daidaita maganganun kwayoyin halitta tsakanin waɗannan sassan tantanin halitta guda biyu, "in ji Chen.
A ƙarshe, makasudin shine a sami damar canza martanin zafin jiki don tabbatar da makomar wadatar abincin mu. "Mun yi farin ciki da samun wannan kwayar halitta ta biyu," in ji Chen. “Sabon yanki ne na wuyar warwarewa. Da zarar mun fahimci yadda duka ke aiki, za mu iya gyara shi, kuma mu taimaka wa amfanin gona yadda ya dace da sauyin yanayi.”
Don ƙarin bayani:
Jami'ar California Kogin Ribas
www.ucr.edu