Yana da mahimmanci a gudanar da bincike kan ruwa da na abinci mai gina jiki akai-akai don tabbatar da tumatir na hydroponic suna karɓar matakin da ya dace na abubuwan gina jiki.
Tabbatar da cewa tumatir da aka shuka cikin ruwa ya karɓi matakan gina jiki mai dacewa yana buƙatar gwajin ruwa da mafita na gina jiki. Har ila yau masu noman suna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin ban ruwa suna kawo daidai takin. Ya kamata a kula da daidaita matakan abinci gwargwadon matakan ci gaban amfanin gona, yanayi, matakan haske da nau'in tumatir.
"A wajen yin amfani da takin zamani ga tsiron da ya girma ko dai a cikin ƙasa ko a matsakaiciyar matsakaiciyar ƙasa, makasudin shine ya dace da ɗaukar abinci mai gina jiki kamar yadda ya kamata daidai da adadin da aka bayar a matsayin taki" (Mary Peet, USDA, Division of Plant Systems- Production, 2005). Akwai dalilai da yawa da za a yi hakan, amma wani muhimmin dalili shi ne a hana afkuwar takin zamani wanda a zahiri kudi ne ke kwarara. ” Ga masu shuka tare da tsarin ban ruwa na bude wannan zai fi cutar da su. A cikin tsarin noman rani da aka rufe, an dawo da taki da yawa kuma an sake sarrafa shi bayan maganin ruwa.
Binciken samfurin ruwa
Yana da mahimmanci koyaushe a gudanar da ruwan sha da ruwa mai gina jiki (nazarin ruwa + takin zamani). Yakamata a ƙayyade ingancin ruwan ban ruwa daga rijiya, madatsar ruwa ko tsarin birni kafin aiwatar da kowane irin tsarin ƙira. Muhimman matakan masu shukawa ya kamata su sani sun haɗa da: haɓakar wutar lantarki (EC), pH na ruwa, sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) idan kuna amfani da tushen ruwa na birni, alli (Ka), magnesium (Mg) da sulfates (SO4). Abinda aka fi so shine ƙananan matakan duk waɗannan abubuwan. Ruwan EC kasa da miliyonens 0.5 / centimita (mS / cm) yana da kyau. Idan pH ɗin ruwa yayi girma, ana iya yin pretreatment tare da sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid ko citric acid. Matakan pH mafi kyau da aminci suna tsakanin 5 da 6.
Ya kamata a gudanar da samfurin maganin abinci mai gina jiki kowane mako ko sati biyu. Ya kamata a ɗauki samfurin mafita na abinci mai gina jiki daga tushe biyu:
1. Ciyar ita ce hanyar samarda abinci mai gina jiki tsarin ban ruwa yana yin famfo zuwa ga shuke-shuke da aka samo a dripper.
2. Drain shine leachate da yake zuwa daga substrate. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga dabarun hadi.
Bayani mai amfani
Bayanin da aka samo daga nazarin maganin abinci mai gina jiki yana taimakawa:
1. Tabbatar da kayan aikin ban ruwa yana dosing daidai adadin takin zamani.
2. Tabbatar da EC da pH na maganin gina jiki matakan gamsarwa ne.
3. ayyade adadin takin ta hanyar abubuwan da tsire-tsire ke sha.
4. ayyade adadin takin da ake buƙata a ƙara / cire shi daga maganin na gina jiki.
Ana iya tantancewa idan adadin ban ruwa ya dace ta hanyar duban magudanar EC. Idan EC ta yi yawa, maiyuwa baza a sami wadataccen ruwa ga shuke-shuke ba. Idan EC tayi ƙasa da ƙasa (ƙasa da abincin EC) shuke-shuke na iya karɓar ruwa da yawa.
5. Tabbatar idan adadin ban ruwa yayi daidai ta hanyar duban magudanar EC. Idan EC ta yi yawa, maiyuwa baza a sami wadataccen ruwa ga shuke-shuke ba. Idan EC tayi ƙasa sosai (ƙasa da abincin EC), shuke-shuke na iya karɓar ruwa da yawa.
Akwai dakunan gwaje-gwaje da yawa waɗanda ke yin wannan nau'in ruwa da nazarin maganin gina jiki. Yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi dakin gwaje-gwaje inda ma'aikata ke da ƙwarewa a cikin aikin wutar lantarki.
Recommendedwararrun dakunan gwaje-gwaje guda biyu sune Groen Agro Control a cikin Netherlands da Perry Laboratory a Watsonville, Calif.
Nagari matakan gina jiki
A hoto na rukunin maganin taki na sarrafa kayan amfanin gona na Netafim, layin shuɗi a hagu shine ruwan ban ruwa (ruwa mai kyau ko ruwan birni ba tare da takin ba). Wannan ruwa ana tuka shi zuwa dakin hadawa inda ake allura takin kuma ruwan ya zama maganin na gina jiki (layin ruwan hoda a hannun dama). Maganin mai gina jiki yana gudana ta cikin na'urori masu auna sigina na EC da pH don tabbatar da cewa an ci gaba da ƙaddara EC da pH.
Tebur na 1 yana nuna matakan abinci mai gina jiki ta hanyar sinadarai ko kwayar halittar da aka ba da shawarar don magunan tumatir mafita wanda aka auna a magudanan ruwa. Matakan farko a ƙananan ko mafi girman gefen iyaka ba lallai bane ya zama mummunan. Kula da tsarin abinci mai kyau ya dogara da amfanin gona.
Tebur na 1 yana nuna ƙimar da ake buƙata da aka samo ta hanyar nazarin samfurin magudanar ruwa. Ta hanyar nazarin maganin abinci mai gina jiki koyaushe, matakan haɓaka za a iya daidaita su waɗanda suka fi dacewa da amfanin gona.
Shirya mafita na gina jiki
An ambata yawancin sunadarai na yau da kullun don haɗawa da mafita na gina jiki a cikin Labarin Hort Americas kan samar da barkono mai sanya ruwa mai yawa.
Sun hada da:
- Ca (NO3) 2 (Calcium nitrate)
- KNO3 (potassium nitrate)
- KH2PO4 (Mono-potassium phosphate)
- MgSO4 * 7 H2O (Magnesium sulfate)
- H3BO3 (sinadarin boric)
- MnCl2 * 4 H2O (Kwayar chloride)
- CuCl2 * 2 H2O (Cupric chloride)
- K2SO4 (potassium sulfate)
- MoO3 (Molybdenum trioxide)
- ZnSO4 * 7 H2O (Zinc sulfate)
- Fe Sequestrene 330 (baƙin ƙarfe chelate)
Janar shawarwari
- Wasu nau'ikan tumatir sun fi kamuwa da saurin lalacewar furanni (BER) http://ucanr.edu/sites/placernevadasmallfarms/files/86509.pdf) fiye da wasu. Duba dabarun ban ruwa da matakan nitrate tunda babban nitrates na iya zama dalilin BER.
- Adana ma'aunin ban ruwa kowace rana a cikin kundin rubutu (EC, pH da kashi mai kashi). Wannan aiki ne na yau da kullun wanda yakamata ayi da sassafe kafin fara zagayen ban ruwa. Duba mitocin EC / pH na hannu https://hortamericas.com/product-category/growing-supplies/meters/
- Kwatanta karatun EC / pH na hannu tare da karatun rukunin ban ruwa, ya kamata su dace.
- Kiyaye K: Ca ya kusa.
- Calibrate pH da mita EC sau ɗaya a mako.
- Calibrate firikwensin firikwensin firikwensin firikwensin firikwensin firikwensin firikwensin ajiyar ruwan a kalla sau ɗaya a wata.
- Kiyaye tsarin ban ruwa da tsaftace shi lokaci-lokaci.
- Tsaftace tankunan taki kowane wata don kauce wa zaman taki.
- Kiyaye pH na ƙananan tankin tanadin ƙananan (pH 4).
Don ƙarin: Hort Americas, (469) 532-2383; https://hortamericas.com.