labarin nasa ya yi bayani kan yadda ake amfani da jirage marasa matuki na jemage wajen yakar kwari da kuma kawo sauyi ga ayyukan noma. An goyi bayan sabon bincike da bayanai, mun zurfafa cikin ingancin waɗannan sabbin jiragen sama marasa matuƙa a cikin sarrafa kwari, kariyar amfanin gona, da noma mai ɗorewa. Gano yadda wannan fasaha ta zamani ke yin alkawari ga manoma, masana aikin gona, injiniyoyin noma, masu gonaki, da masana kimiyya masu aiki a aikin gona.
Yaƙin da aka yi da kwari a cikin greenhouse ya ɗauki wani yunƙuri na canji a gaba, yana jawo wahayi daga ƙwararrun kwaro na yanayi: jemagu. Masu bincike sun ƙirƙira jiragen sama marasa matuƙa na jemage sanye take da ingantacciyar fasaha don ganowa da kawar da kwari kai tsaye, tabbatar da lafiya da ingancin amfanin gonakin greenhouse. Wannan labarin yana nufin samar da bayanai masu mahimmanci game da gagarumin yuwuwar jirage marasa matuƙa na jemage wajen kawo sauyi kan kawar da kwari da canza aikin noma.
A cewar wani bincike da aka buga a cikin Kimiyyar Robotics [1], masana kimiyya sun yi nasarar tsarawa da kuma gwada jirage marasa matuƙa na jemage waɗanda ke kwaikwayi halayen farauta na jemagu wajen ganowa da kama kwari. Waɗannan jiragen sama suna sanye da na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic da na'ura na koyon injin da ke ba su damar kewaya cikin yanayin ƙarancin haske kuma daidai da kasancewar kwari, kamar aphids ko whiteflies, a cikin yanayin greenhouse.
Amfanin jirage marasa matuƙa na jemagu sun wuce gano kwaro. Waɗannan jirage marasa matuki na zamani suna sanye da ƙananan makamai na robotic waɗanda ke da ikon isar da matakan yaƙi da kwari da aka yi niyya. Ta hanyar ba da damar haɗaɗɗen microinjectors ko ingantattun hanyoyin fesa, jiragen na iya ba da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta, magungunan kashe qwari, ko ma ƙwari masu fa'ida don kawar da kwari yayin da ake rage amfani da shisshigin sinadarai.
Wani gwajin filin da wata tawagar masu bincike daga Jami'ar California, Berkeley ta gudanar, ta nuna tasirin jiragen da bama-bamai da bama-bamai ke yi wajen sarrafa kwari. Gwajin, kamar yadda aka ruwaito a cikin Journal of Applied Ecology [2], ya nuna gagarumin raguwar yawan kwari da inganta lafiyar amfanin gona a cikin tsarin greenhouse inda aka tura jiragen marasa matuka. Madaidaici da ƙarfin waɗannan jirage marasa matuƙa suna ba da damar shiga tsakani, rage yawan amfani da magungunan kashe qwari da tasirin muhalli mai alaƙa da hanyoyin magance kwari na gargajiya.
A ƙarshe, ƙaddamar da jirage marasa matuƙa na jemage suna wakiltar ci gaba mai zurfi a cikin kula da kwari da ayyukan noma. Ta hanyar amfani da hazakar yanayi tare da haɗa ta da fasaha ta zamani, manoma da ƙwararrun aikin gona za su iya kare amfanin gonakinsu yadda ya kamata, da rage amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, da tabbatar da dorewar tsarin aikin gona.
Tags: Noma, Greenhouse Noma, Kwari Control, Jemage-wahayi jiragen sama, amfanin gona Kariya, Dorewa Noma, Daidaitaccen Noma, Noma Ƙirƙirar Noma, Gane kwari, Noma fasahar.
References:
- Labarin Bincike: Kimiyyar Robotics
- Gwajin Filin: Jaridar Aiyuka Ecology