#Agriculture #Earthworms #Dorewar Noma #Productivity #SoilHealth #GlobalFoodSecurity #Agronomy #ScientificResearch
Tun shekaru aru-aru, manoma sun fahimci irin gudunmawar da tsutsotsin ƙasa ke bayarwa don kiyaye ƙasa mai kyau. Duk da haka, wani gagarumin bincike da masana kimiyya daga Jami'ar Colorado suka gudanar, wanda aka buga a mujallar Nature Communications, ya yi la'akari da babban tasirin waɗannan halittu masu tawali'u kan samar da abinci a duniya. Binciken nasu ba wai kawai ya ƙididdige muhimmiyar rawar da tsutsotsin ƙasa ke takawa a cikin yanayin yanayin noma ba har ma yana ba da haske kan gagarumar gudunmawar da suke bayarwa ga girbin hatsi a duniya.
Tasirin Aikin Noma na Earthworms: A cewar binciken da aka yi kwanan nan, tsutsotsin ƙasa suna ba da gudummawar fiye da kashi 6% na girbin hatsi na shekara-shekara a duniya. Muhimmiyar rawar da suke takawa ta ta'allaka ne a cikin rugujewar kayan shukar da suka mutu, suna fitar da muhimman abubuwan gina jiki masu mahimmanci ga ci gaban shuka. Bugu da ƙari, ramukan da suke ƙirƙira suna sauƙaƙe haɓaka tsarin tushen tushe mai ƙarfi, haɓaka lafiyar shuka da haɓaka aiki. Masana kimiyya sun kuma gano cewa tsutsotsin ƙasa suna taimaka wa tsire-tsire don yin tsayayya da cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙasa ta hanyar haɓaka hanyoyin kariyarsu ta halitta.
Masu bincike sun yi nazari sosai kan taswirorin rarraba yawan jama'a na tsutsotsin duniya, halayen ƙasa, amfanin gona, da binciken da aka yi a baya kan yawan amfanin shuka. Wannan cikakkiyar dabarar ta ba su damar tantance gudunmawar tsutsotsin duniya kai tsaye ga muhimman amfanin gona.
Binciken ya nuna cewa tsutsotsin ƙasa sun kai kusan kashi 6.5% na yawan noman shinkafa da alkama da masara da sha'ir a kowace shekara. Abin sha'awa, wannan gudummawar za ta iya zama ma'ana mai mahimmanci, la'akari da cewa a yankuna da yawa, ba a bincika iyakar tasirinsu ba.
Tsutsotsin duniya, galibin jaruman noma da ba a manta da su ba, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da wadatar abinci a duniya. Ayyukansu na karkashin kasa ba wai kawai suna wadatar da ƙasa ba amma suna haɓaka juriyar amfanin gona da yawan aiki. Fahimtar ƙaƙƙarfan dangantakar dake tsakanin tsutsotsin ƙasa da yanayin aikin gona yana da mahimmanci don dorewar ayyukan noma. Yayin da muke ci gaba da kokawa da kalubalen karuwar yawan al'ummar duniya da sauyin yanayi, fahimtar muhimmancin wadannan kananan halittu ya zama mafi muhimmanci. Ƙarin bincike da ƙoƙarin kiyayewa suna da mahimmanci don yin amfani da cikakken damarsu da samar da ƙarin juriya da tsarin aikin noma don gaba.