Kamar a cikin Amurka, muhawara kan ko za a iya rarraba kayan lambu na hydroponic kamar yadda kwayoyin halitta ke gudana a Turai. Wannan wani bangare ne saboda ƙarin cajin da aka tabbatar da abin da ake samu a zahiri, amma akwai ƙari. Haɓaka hydroponically yana da gaske mai dorewa, masu samar da masana'antu da masu noma sun ce. "Akwai shirye-shirye masu dorewa masu ban sha'awa, ba kawai kwayoyin halitta bane," amsar masana'antar halitta ce.
Misali daga Amurka
A farkon wannan watan wata kotu a Amurka ta yanke shawarar cewa za a iya amfani da lakabin kwayoyin halitta na USDA don amfanin da aka noma ta hanyar amfani da kwantena ko wasu tsarin hydroponic. A Turai, har yanzu dole ne a shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa don rarraba su azaman kwayoyin halitta. An yanke shawarar a lokacin rani na 2017 kuma ya kasance cikin tsari a cikin Tsarin Ayyuka na Organic 2021-2027 na Hukumar Tarayyar Turai, wanda aka gabatar a makon da ya gabata, cewa ƙasan da aka haifa ta kasance larura ga masana'antar halitta.
Karin caji da dorewa
A cikin Turai kuma, akwai sha'awar haɓaka ƙwararrun samfuran halitta ta hanyar ruwa, in ji masu samar da masana'antu. Wannan wani bangare ne saboda ƙarin cajin da aka tabbatar da abin da ake samu a zahiri, amma akwai ƙari. “Tare da dabarun zamani, ya tsufa a kira amfanin gona da aka noma ƙasa kawai. Ya kamata Turai ta dauki misali daga Amurka, "in ji Peter van den Dool tare da Van der Knaap - mai ba da kayayyaki. Ana goyan bayan ra'ayinsa sosai, amma masu noman halitta suna tunani daban. "Akwai shirye-shirye masu ɗorewa masu ban sha'awa, ba kawai kwayoyin halitta ba ne," in ji mai sarrafa kwayoyin Wim van Marrewijk.
“Na fahimci dalla-dalla dalilin da yasa sashin kwayoyin halitta na Turai ke adawa da shi. Watakila wani bangare ne na tattalin arziki kuma wani bangare al'amari ne na ka'ida," in ji Jelte van Kammen, Shugaba a Haɗin gwiwar Harvest House. “Duk da haka, abin takaici ne cewa mu, a matsayinmu na Turai, ba ma yin amfani da irin wannan babbar dama mai dorewa. Tabbas, lokacin da Turai ta nuna a cikin yarjejeniyar ta kore cewa tana son haɓakawa zuwa kwayoyin halitta. "
"Abin takaici, har yanzu ba mu yi nasarar samun wannan hanyar noma ba a cikin Ƙungiyar Kasuwanci. Dalili kuwa shi ne cewa siyayyar sashen kiri yana mai da hankali kan p na farashin. A Harvest House, mun sha yin kira ga 'yan kasuwa da su dauki kalubale tare da mu. Har yau, ba mu sami amsa ba. Don haka yanzu mun tashi da shi zuwa Amurka, inda muke sayar da shi azaman Organic. Kuma muna samun ƙarin kuɗin da ake buƙata don wannan dabarar noma. Wannan tattalin arziki ne kawai domin ba shakka, ba mai dorewa ba ne."
Tsarin aiki na halitta
Hakanan bisa ga ƙungiyar masana'antar Dutch Glastuinbouw Nederland, babban mai da hankali kan noman ƙwayoyin cuta ya yi watsi da gaskiyar cewa na al'ada, ɗorewa mai ɗorewa yana haifar da ƙarancin hayaki fiye da nau'ikan noman ƙwayoyin cuta. Kungiyar cinikayyar ta bayyana hakan ne a matsayin martani ga Tsarin Aiki na Halitta. "Naman kwayoyin halitta sau da yawa ya ƙunshi ƙarancin samarwa a kowace murabba'in mita, wanda ke nufin cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin wurin noma don kula da matakin samarwa," in ji darektan Ruud Paauwe. "Saboda haka, noman kwayoyin halitta na iya haifar da ƙarin tasirin muhalli da asarar yanayi da bambancin halittu. Haka kuma, wurin noman da ake da shi a duk duniya bai wadatar ba don ciyar da baki a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. ”
A cewar Paauwe, Glastuinbouw Nederland yana ƙoƙarin samar da hanyar samarwa mai ɗorewa, tare da ƙarancin tasirin muhalli a kowane samfurin da aka girbe. “Greenhouse noman noman yana da burin shuka ingantattun kayan lambu, furanni da shuke-shuke nan da shekara ta 2030 a cikin yanayin muhallin da ya dogara da ingantaccen ruwa, greenhouse madauwari. Wannan kusan ba shi da ragowa kan samfur da fitar da abubuwan kariya da kayan abinci ga muhalli,” in ji Paauwe. "Gidajen gine-gine na zamani suna ba da damar ingantattun hanyoyin noma, tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa a kowace murabba'in murabba'in mita, yin amfani da fasaha mai zurfi don iyakance nauyin muhalli da ci gaba da haɓaka hanyoyin magance kore."
Shafin halitta
Saitin case to? To, a'a, ba bisa ga Organic greenhouse growers. "Abin da ke faruwa a Amurka ya rage ga gwamnati a can. Gwamnatin Turai a baya ta yi bayani karara game da noman miya da kwayoyin halitta. Muna yunƙurin gaske daga ɓangaren ƙwayoyin cuta don haɗawa da aikin noma na yau da kullun, ”in ji Michaël Wilde tare da ƙungiyar masana'antar halitta Bionext.
"Sashin kwayoyin halitta yana da matukar sha'awar ci gaba mai dorewa da ke gudana a cikin sassan na yau da kullum, suna aiki tukuru a can don samun dorewa. Koyaya, akwai sauran bambance-bambance a sarari tsakanin wannan ƙarin dorewar noma na yau da kullun da ƙwararrun noman ƙwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin halitta ainihin tsarin noma ne. An kafa noman halitta a cikin ƙasa. Ba za mu taba barin wannan bangaren ba.”
Ya jaddada mahimmancin ƙasa ga bambancin halittu. "Organic yana da kyakkyawar alaƙa da ƙasa ba kawai akan tushen doka ba. Hakanan yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin mahimman ka'idodin kulawa, muhalli, lafiya da daidaito. "
Michael kuma yana mamakin yadda masu amfani ke kallon wannan tattaunawa. “Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci ku tambayi kanku yadda mabukaci ya tsaya kan wannan. Ba na tsammanin masu amfani za su yarda da kiran noman ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
"Organic ana kiransa kwayoyin halitta saboda dalili"
Masu shuka gilashin kwayoyin halitta na haɗin gwiwar Nautilus Organic sun ba da damar sanin cewa kwayoyin halitta ana kiran su Organic saboda dalili. “Yana game da haɗin kai, game da rayuwa, game da kyakkyawar kulawa, sarrafa ƙasa, tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi, bambancin halittu, kayan abinci da lafiya. 'Organic' wata hanya ce ta noma wacce shuka ta samar da tsarin sinadarai tare da ƙasa wanda daga ita ake ciyar da shukar kuma ana ba da juriya ta yanayi. Wannan wani bangare ne na ainihin ka'idodin noman kwayoyin halitta kuma yana da mahimmanci don samun damar ci gaba da baiwa masu amfani da wannan tabbacin. Kuma an yi sa'a, wannan kuma zai kasance daidai lokacin da sabon tsarin EU ya fara aiki a ranar 01-01-2022. "
Ba kwatankwacinsa ba
Wim van Marrewijk, manajan noma na Biokwekerij Frank de Koning, ya mayar da martani, “Gidan kayan lambu da kayan lambu da ake shukawa a kan kayan marmari ba sa kamanta. Girma su a cikin ƙasa yana haifar da ƙarin kayan abinci mai gina jiki tare da karin bitamin. Alakar da ke tsakanin abinci da jin daɗin ɗan adam ita ce, gwargwadon abin da ya shafi mu, an ture shi a gefe cikin sauƙi a cikin wannan tattaunawa. An nuna cewa akwai kyakkyawar alaƙa tsakanin kayan lambu masu girma da lafiyayyen flora na hanjin ɗan adam. Wannan yana da alaƙa da ƙasa mai rai da kuma biotopes wanda kayan lambu masu koren shayi ke tsirowa.”
'Dorewar kada ta haifar da hangen nesa na rami'
“Abin da ya tabbata shi ne, noman noma mai ɗorewa ya ɗauki matakai da yawa a shekarun baya-bayan nan don ganin amfanin gonakin su ya ɗora da kuma ƙara rage amfani da sinadarai, takin zamani, kayayyakin kariya na shuka, daskararrun da sauran su. Babu shakka akwai kyawawan tsare-tsare masu dorewa kuma wannan babban labari ne ga muhalli. Ba kwayoyin halitta ba ne kawai."
“Yayin da kayan lambu masu ƙorafi ke cikin ƙasa, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙasa tana tasowa wanda ke ba da damar shuke-shuke don ciyar da dabi'a, ƙunshi ƙarin abubuwan ciki da haɓaka da ƙarfi. Wannan yana faruwa a cikin ƙasa har zuwa yanayin ruwa na ƙasa kuma yana da sauƙin 500-700 lita na ƙasa kowace shuka, yayin da a kan magudanar ruwa har yanzu muna magana game da adadin adadin kusan lita 5-7. Godiya ga dukkanin fungi da kwayoyin cuta da ke cikin ƙasa, ƙasa tana da ikon gyara kanta, wanda ba zai taɓa tasowa a cikin magudanar ruwa ba saboda ƙarancin kwayoyin halitta da lokaci don haka ba zai iya haɓaka juriya ba.”
Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga masu noman halitta, akwai tambaya: Menene mai dorewa? Wim: “Lokacin da muka kalli shigar kai tsaye na makamashi a kowace kilogiram na samfur, ƙila noman ƙasa ya yi nasara. Amma kawai farashin samar da albarkatun kasa, farashin makamashi na hakar da narkar da simintin aluminum da kuma samar da filastik ana dubawa, kamar yadda tasirin muhalli duk wannan. Dorewa bai kamata ya zama hangen nesa ba; ya kamata mu kalli hoton duka. Menene ainihin ke ba da gudummawa ga jin daɗinmu da na duniyarmu? Bugu da ƙari: akwai kyawawan yunƙurin dorewa, ba kawai kwayoyin halitta ba ne. "
Ƙaddamar da ƙarin ƙima
Dangane da tattaunawar da ta taso akan layi don mayar da martani ga hukuncin, shi ma game da farashin. Farashin noman ƙasa da sauran nau'ikan noman da za su iya zama kwayoyin halitta sun bambanta sosai.
Idan za a canza dokoki a Turai don tabbatar da ci gaba mai girma a cikin sassan kwayoyin halitta, za a sami shakku game da kiyaye farashi mai kyau ga masu samar da kwayoyin halitta da kuma ko masu amfani za su bi buƙatun.
Sashin da kansa yakamata ya ba da umarnin farashi mafi girma tare da samfur mai ɗorewa, samfuran halitta, wasu sun yi imani. "Idan wannan ya yi nasara, ko da tare da karuwar wadata, 'juriya' ga ƙarin takaddun shaida na 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari zai ragu sosai. Amma wannan, tilasta ƙarin ƙima / ƙarin farashin, shine inda matsalar wani lokaci take ta'allaka.