#Agriculture #GreenhouseCultivation #LEDlighting #StrawberryProduction #CropQuality #Dorewar Noma
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana'antar strawberry ta Kanada sun sami ƙaruwa mai ban mamaki a cikin sha'awa da samarwa. Masu noma suna ƙara juyowa zuwa hanyoyin noman greenhouse don biyan buƙatun sabbin 'ya'yan itace na shekara. A cewar kididdiga na shekara-shekara na kididdigar Kanada, an samar da fiye da fam miliyan 6.2 na greenhouse strawberries a Kanada a cikin 2022, wanda ke wakiltar ƙarin fam 655,000 idan aka kwatanta da 2020. Siyar da strawberries na greenhouse kuma ya ga wani gagarumin tashin hankali, wanda ya karu da kashi 19.1 zuwa dala miliyan 18.5 a ciki. 2021 saboda hauhawar farashi da karuwar samarwa.
Yunkurin zuwa ga shukar strawberries na greenhouse yana samun ci gaba, tare da mai da hankali kan inganta samarwa da kuma gano mafi kyawun ayyuka. Masana aikin gona da masana kimiyya suna binciko abubuwa daban-daban waɗanda ke yin tasiri ga inganci da adadin lambun strawberries. Yanayin muhalli, gami da haske, zafi, da zafin jiki, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samarwa cikin nasara.
Haske don Greenhouse-Grown Strawberries
Tsarin samar da strawberry na Greenhouse na iya bambanta, ya ƙunshi duka kafofin watsa labarai marasa ƙasa da tsarin tushen ƙasa. Masu noma suna da sassaucin ra'ayi don noma duka nau'ikan juni-hali da nau'in tsaka-tsakin rana a cikin greenhouse. Koyaya, abubuwan muhalli kamar haske suna da mahimmanci. Tsire-tsire na strawberry suna buƙatar haske mai yawa, musamman a farkon bazara, ƙarshen fall, da watanni na hunturu lokacin da hasken halitta ya iyakance.
Yayin da ƙarin hasken wuta ya zama ruwan dare a cikin greenhouses, fitilun sodium mai ƙarfi na gargajiya (HPS) suna da iyakokin su. Hasken HPS yana haifar da zafi mai mahimmanci, yana iyakance ƙarfin hasken da za a iya amfani da shi ga tsire-tsire. Wannan iyakance ƙalubale ne ga amfanin gona masu zafin zafin jiki kamar strawberries.
Masana aikin gona kamar Rose Séguin daga Sollum Technologies sun ba da shawarar cewa yin amfani da fitilun LED yana ba da mafita. Fitilar LED tana ba masu shuka damar haɓaka ƙarfin haske, wanda ke haifar da yawan amfanin ƙasa ba tare da koma baya na zafi mai yawa ba. Misali, mai shuka wanda zai iya amfani da micromoles 120 tare da fitilun HPS na iya tura ƙarfi zuwa micromoles 200 ta amfani da fitilun LED, ta haka yana haɓaka yawan aiki ba tare da ƙara ƙarin zafi ba.
Ƙarin haske yana haifar da ƙara yawan aiki a cikin ganyayyaki, yana haifar da haɓaka samar da sukari da yawan 'ya'yan itace. Koyaya, tasirin haske na iya bambanta dangane da nau'in strawberry. Yayin da sabbin iri ke fitowa, masu noman dole ne su daidaita girke-girke na haske a duk lokacin kakar don haɓaka yuwuwar shuka.
Sanya Hasken Gwaji
Masu shuka irin su Savoura Group suna aiki tare da masana aikin gona don daidaita yanayin girma. Savoura, mai fadin hectare 40 a fadin wuraren samar da kayayyaki 12 a cikin Quebec, yana noma strawberries a rana tsakanin sauran amfanin gona. Suna amfani da hasken wucin gadi a wasu gidajen lambunansu don rama ƙarancin hasken yanayi a lokacin sanyi. An aiwatar da fitilun LED masu ƙarfi don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa da inganci.
Fitilar LED mai ƙarfi, kamar na Sollum Technologies, suna ba da fa'idar daidaita dukkan nau'ikan hasken halitta tare da girke-girke na musamman na hasken wucin gadi. Wannan sassauci yana ba masu shuka damar daidaita hasken don saduwa da takamaiman buƙatun shuka, kamar haifar da fure ko hana kwanciyar hankali a lokacin hunturu.
Masu haɓaka sun ba da rahoton sakamako masu ban sha'awa a ƙarƙashin hasken LED mai ƙarfi. Sun lura da matakan sukari mafi girma a cikin strawberries da ingantaccen ingancin 'ya'yan itace. Bugu da ƙari, daidaitawar LED masu ƙarfi yana rage damuwa a kan tsire-tsire da ke haifar da canje-canje kwatsam a cikin ƙarfin haske, yana mai da shi zaɓi mai inganci.
Nasarar gaba tare da Hasken LED
Bayan karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingantaccen ingancin 'ya'yan itace, ana ci gaba da bincike don gano yadda hasken LED zai iya rage barazanar kamar mildew powdery da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan bincike na nufin haɓaka juriya na shuka da rage yawan adadin 'ya'yan itace da abin ya shafa.
Duk da yake sanin yanayin hasken wuta yana da mahimmanci, masu noman dole ne su tuna cewa yanki ɗaya ne kawai na wuyar warwarewa. Don cimma amfanin gona mai kyau da haɓaka fa'idodin gyare-gyaren haske a duk lokacin kakar, sauran mahimman abubuwan kamar kayan tsabta, mafi kyawun yanayin rootzone, da fahimtar halaye iri-iri suna da mahimmanci daidai.
Fitilar LED mai ƙarfi suna jujjuya noman strawberry na greenhouse, suna ba masu noman ikon haɓaka inganci da yawan amfanin ƙasa yayin kiyaye yanayin girma mafi kyau. Yayin da masana'antar strawberry a Kanada ke ci gaba da bunƙasa, haɗin kai na sabbin hanyoyin samar da hasken wuta yana yin alƙawarin samun haske da fa'ida a nan gaba ga manoma da masu siye.