A karkashin dabarun Farm to Fork, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta tsara manufa don aƙalla kashi 25% na ƙasar noma a cikin EU su kasance ƙarƙashin noman ƙwayoyin cuta nan da 2030. Wannan muhimmin kashi ne na yarjejeniyar Green Green na Turai. Cimma wannan buri na buƙatar haɓakawa da yada sabbin nau'o'in ciyayi, da kuma LIVESEED da EU ke tallafawa (inganta aikin noma ta hanyar haɓaka iri da ƙwararrun tsire-tsire a duk faɗin Turai) aikin da ake nema don tallafawa wannan ta hanyar magance matsalar samar da iri. da inganci daga kusurwoyi iri-iri, daga bangarorin kasuwa har zuwa tsari. An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 2017, aikin ya haɗu da ƙungiyoyi 48 daga ƙasashen Turai 18, ciki har da masu bincike na shuka, masu kiwon amfanin gona, masu samar da iri, ƙungiyoyin halitta, da kuma dillalai.
Sabbin hanyoyi
Ɗaya daga cikin masu binciken da abin ya shafa shine Edwin Nuijten, masanin kimiyyar shuke-shuke a De Beersche Hoeve a Netherlands, wanda ya jagoranci wani ɓangare na shirin aikin da ya mayar da hankali kan yadda hanyoyin kiwon lafiya daban-daban za su iya tallafawa da ƙarfafa juna. "Kiwo ba kawai don samar da mafi kyawun shuka don mafi kyawun filin ba, amma kuma tsari ne, muna bukatar mu yi la'akari da yanayin zamantakewa," in ji shi. Manufar LIVESEED ita ce haɗa mafi kyawun abubuwa na hanyoyin kiwo iri-iri.
Ƙungiyoyin sun gano takamaiman hanyoyi guda huɗu, waɗanda ake magana da su a matsayin tushen muhalli, tushen al'umma, tushen halaye, da tushen kamfanoni. Hanyoyi na tushen muhalli suna bincika yadda amfanin gona ke hulɗa da su kuma zai iya ba da gudummawa ga muhallin da ke kewaye. Hanyoyi na tushen al'umma suna da alaƙa mai ƙarfi tsakanin masu kiwo da masu noma, suna neman ƙara darajar al'umma a gare su. Hanyoyi masu tushe suna bin fa'idodin al'umma mai fa'ida ta hanyar haɓaka takamaiman halaye, kamar haɓaka tattara mahimman bitamin a cikin amfanin gona, yayin da hanyoyin tushen kamfanoni ke neman haɓaka riba da rage farashi. Nuijten ya kara da cewa "Waɗannan duk suna da ƙima amma ƙimarsu ta bambanta. "Wannan ba yana nufin cewa wasu dabi'u sun fi wasu ba, amma don tambayar yadda za mu iya haɗa su ta yadda za su karfafa juna, da kuma inganta yanayin muhalli da zamantakewa."
Dandalin ilimi
Ƙungiyar ta tattara bayanai game da dabarun kiwo kuma ta buga wasu takardun bincike. Sama da manoma 800 ne aka tuntuba kan fannoni daban-daban da suka shafi kiwo da kasuwannin iri, kuma LIVESEED ta ba da gudummawa wajen fadada dandalin Ilimin Farmakin Dabbobi tare da kebantaccen sashe kan wadannan jigogi. Aikin LIVESEED ya kuma samar da bayanan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa a ma'aunin EU wanda ke baiwa masu samar da iri damar shigar da tayi a cikin wasu ma'ajin bayanai na kasa tare da shigarwa guda daya.
Yanzu haka tawagar tana aiki kan aiwatar da sakamakon bincikensu, tare da tsara ka'idoji don aiwatar da tsarin haɗe-haɗe. Lamarin ya yi kamari, saboda bunkasa sabbin nau'ikan amfanin gona na cikin tafiyar hawainiya, kuma dole ne masu noman kiwo su yi aiki a halin yanzu don yin shiri don fuskantar kalubalen aikin gona a nan gaba, kamar tsauraran matakan hana amfani da kwari da sauyin yanayi. Bugu da kari, bayanin kula Nuijten, manoma da masu siye suna fuskantar barazanar tabarbarewa a cikin kiwo da kasuwar iri. “Idan aka kalli kiwo na al’ada, kamfanoni biyu ko uku ne ke mamaye kasuwar kowace ‘ya’yan itace da kayan marmari. Idan kamfani ɗaya ya ƙare shirinsa na kiwo, manoma sun dogara gaba ɗaya ga ɗayan.
"Ko da aikin noma na yau da kullun, lamarin ba zai dore ba," in ji shi. “Iri na halitta da kiwo na iya ba da damar yin tunani game da ƙarin hanyoyin kiwo masu dorewa. Muna buƙatar haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin da yawa, don haka wannan albarkatun yana da amfani ga duk manoma,” in ji Nuijten. "Sau da yawa ana cewa abinci mai gina jiki yana da tsada sosai, amma kuna iya cewa abinci na yau da kullun yana da arha - ku yi la'akari da ɓoyayyun farashi kuma wani hoto daban ya bayyana."
Don ƙarin bayani:
Hukumar Tarayyar Turai
www.ec.europa.eu